Chapter 12

I never attempted to address how pastoral life or paleolithic life made it into the modern period. In Australia, the Americas, and North Africa had thriving civilizations that had not yet converted to the modern way of life. Australia remained gather hunters well into the 18th century, America had chiefdoms and small village societies. Other nations had tribes like the Igbo and Iroquis who were present and updated with agriculture but had nothing to do with other large empires besides trade. DUring this time period China and Europe were both recovering from the fall of the mongouls. Both went back to their pre mongoul views and ways of life. China during their Ming Dynasty had a chance to become a real powerhouse due to their strong naval system. They gave up on maritime which lead the Europeans to control the oceans and the land that it surrounded. At the time the land was need because they were searching for help against muslim powers.. Muslim powers grew substantially over this time but also divided as the practice spread. Five empires  all with turkic influences took over  southeast asia.